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by the McGill Science Undergraduate Research Journal

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Tag: withdrawal

Empire in the bloodstream: The Opium Wars and their after-effects

Cover Image: Painting by Nikita de Jonge, January 2026 Article by: Parmida Talebi, Contributing Writer In the early nineteenth century, British … More

addiction, Chemistry, Chinese empire, cross-border trafficking, drug smuggling, drug trade, drug trafficking, drugs, English East India Company, First Opium War, History, McGill, morphine, MSURJ, neural systems, opioid, opioid receptors, opium, opium wars, overdose, painkillers, Papaver Somniferum, poppy, poppy plant, Psychology, Qing Dynasty, science, Second Opium War, tobacco, Treaty of Nanjing, withdrawal

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